Genotype- Environment Interaction Study Base GGE biplot Method for Kernel Yield in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Cultivars

Accurate interpretation of the genotype-environment interaction provides the ability of identification of stable genotypes for breeders. In order to study of genotype-environment interaction, 12 genotypes of sunflower were cultivated in five regions including Arak, Birjand, Kashmar, Karaj and Shiraz were evaluated in the 2015-2016 growing season. To do yield stability analysis the graphical GGE biplot method was used. The results showed that the Record and Zaria genotypes in Karaj, SHF81-90 and Sor genotypes in Birjand and Kashmar, Gabur genotype in Shiraz and Armaverski in Arak were stable with the highest kernel yield. Environments of Birjand, Kashmar, Karaj, Arak and Shiraz were the best environments respectively. Genotypes rankings based on the ideal cultivar and also cultivars ranking graph based on the mean yield and stability revealed that genotypes SHF81-90, Lakomka and Sor were the best and stable genotypes. The relationships view of biplot indicated a high correlation between environments of Karaj, Kashmar and Birjand. Biplot graphical method determined four mega-environments: Karaj as the first mega-environment, Kashmar and Birjand as the second mega-environments, Shiraz as the third mega-environment and Arak as the fourth mega-environment.