Examining and Criticizing the Speculations of Seyyed Muhammad Ibn Fallah and Ahmad Ibn Ismail Basri, in the Appearance of First Ghaem and Mahdi Before the Appearance

Throughout history, the great idea of Mahdism has always been attacked by the deviant and false movements. Some of them have created a ground to mispresent themselves as the promised Mahdi (A.S) by presenting teachings such as “the first Mahdi” and “Mahdi before appearance”, and “the severalty of Mahdi(s) to the extent that they have confiscated the functions of the Appearance era and Imam Mahdi in their own name. Seyyed Muhammad ibn Fallah, the founder of the Musha'sha'iyyah sect, and Ahmad Ismail Basri, the founder of Yamani group, are among the claimants who have sought to confiscate the Mahdism teachings in their own favor by claiming the severalty of Mahdi(s) and introducing themselves as the first Mahdi.
The following article, organized in a descriptive-analytic-critical manner, has investigated the documents these two sects have presented while explaining the viewpoint of these two sects and their background. The misunderstanding of the word “Mahdi”, the use of fake narrations and invalid texts such as “al-Hedayat al-Kobra”, and “al-Fitan ibn Hemmad”, and the use of unreasonable interpretations are amongst the most important proofs of their falsity.