Analysis of the Nature of Sign from the Perspective of Saussure and Farabi

Semiotics is an important part of Saussure’s serious studies in the field of linguistics. According to Saussure, the nature of the sign is divided into signifier and signified. In the common sense, the signifier is something outside the mind and the signified is something inside the essentials (essences) in the substances which attributed on their univocal (non-derivative predication), not analogical gradation are attributed on their own essence. The question that arises here is what is the place of the negation of the existence of specie (specific substance) in the philosophical system of illumination and for what purpose? According to Suhrawardī’s method of reasoning, we find that he uses by knowing of the negation of the Specific substances (form of species) and the acceptance of the standing of the essence to the body (disposition, figure) and also gradation (ambiguity) in nature, uses them in proving the ideal (paradigm, idea) and designers (managers, governing) of differences and thus reaches in the new concept of nature. Nature in this new meaning and concept, as the origin (principle) of light management of the universe of objects by the lords of types (archetypes of species), in other words, the origin of light for the various movements (motions, change) of objects (physical beings).