Klotho protein as a diagnostic biomarker in chronic kidney disease

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem with prevalence of 8 -16%. It disrupts the function and structure of the kidneys over time irreversibly, and in its advanced stages (End Stage Renal Disease-ESRD) imposes a huge financial burden on the health system of communities. Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is one of the significant external complications, which is the most important cause of mortality in patients with CKD. Therefore, quick and early diagnosis of this disease due to its rapid and yet latent process in its earliest stages is essential to prevent side effects and avoid waste of funds. Evidence from various studies in recent years indicates that CKD progression is significantly associated with decreased levels of anti-aging protein, Klotho. Under normal physiological conditions, the major source of this protein is kidney tissue cells. Thus, Klotho deficiency is not only an early biomarker in the diagnosis of CKD, but also an important pathogenic factor in the progression and appearance of its adverse effects. This study aimed to introduce Klotho protein as an early diagnostic biomarker and to present new, effective therapeutic strategies for patients with CKD.