Effects of salinity and iron on growth, photosynthetic pigments and electrophoresis bands in two genus chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L. and Anthemis nobilis L.)

To evaluate the effects of salinity in the presence and absence of iron on growth, photosynthesis pigments and electrophoresis bands in two chamomiles, an experiment was conducted as completely randomized factorial design with three replicates at university of Zabol in 2009. The treatments were two genuses of chamomile (German and Roman chamomile), four levels of salinity (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl) and two levels of iron (0 and 100 μmol). Results showed that, by increasing salinity from 0 to 150 mM NaCl, fresh and dry weight of shoot were reduced but root dry weight was added. At the absence of iron treatment, fresh and dry weight of both shoot and root were reduced in two genus of chamomile. Salinity decreased the amount of two pigments chlorophyll a and b and increased the amount of carotenoids. At the absence of iron, the amount of chlorophyll ‘a’ (32/9) and chlorophyll ‘b’ (35/5) percent decreased in comparison to control treatment (100 μmol). Unlike chlorophyll, at the absence of iron treatment, the amount of carotenoid was added. At the salinity stress from 0 to 150 mM, many protein bands in Roman chamomile were excluded. However, at the levels of 50 and 100 mM NaCl, a 42 KDa fraction band in this material was synthesized, but at the highest level of salinity (150 mM NaCl) many of their bands were removed. Presumably, the 150 mM NaCl is out of tolerance of Roman chamomile genotype. In this study, at the German chamomile genotype under salinity and iron deficiency no bonds were not removed and two bands 14 and 18 KDa were appeared.