Legal aspects of Aerial Incident of the 3 January 2020 Concerning Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752 and International Responsibility Arising from it

On January 8, 2020, Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752, which was flying from Tehran to Ukraine, was hit by a missile shortly after takeoff and killed all its passengers. The General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran has issued a statement declaring that the firing on the aircraft was because of the human error and a mistake by the Iranian Air Defense in determining the nature of the aircraft. This article, which uses a descriptive-analytical method in conducting research, addresses the main question of who is responsible for civil and criminal responsibility for this incident, and how is it possible to repair the damages caused by this incident? The air defense action, which can be attributed to Iran, violates Iran's international obligations, including the obligations under the International Civil Aviation Convention (1944), and raises the international responsibility of Iran. following the mechanism provided for in the International Convention on Civil Aviation. However, Iran could pursue its good actions in accepting firefighting and expressing its regret, with measures such as effective prosecution of those involved and negotiating with the victims' State of nationality and compensation and satisfaction of its families and Prevent more severe consequences by resort to the International Court of Justice or the International Criminal Court or national courts.