Shu'ubiyya’s role in interaction and presence of Iranian underprivileged and wealthy classes in movements against Umayyad government

The Umayyad and the Arabs, unable to put aside the Jahiliyyah’s thoughts thoroughly, entered Iran’s society via their conquests. As a result, they called the Iranian, of all classes and groups, Mawali. By depriving the nation of their social civil rights, they contributed to the formation of a criticizing and then conflicting group, i.e. Shu'ubiyya. Through their literal and political practices, and also disguising themselves in a variety of ideologies and manners, they were able to assist the Iranian underprivileged and wealthy groups to interact and attend in movements against Umayyad government, like Al-Harith ibn Surayj’s uprising, Al-Ash'ath ibn Qays’s uprising, and Khawarij. This study tried to investigate the role played by Shu'ubiyya in interaction and presence of Iranian underprivileged and wealthy classes in movements against Umayyad government by studying primary resources and using a historical research.