The Economic Contexts of Social Movements in Toledo during the Umayyad era

Toledo's economy during the Umayyad period of Andalusia, was One of the significant components in the formation and continuity of social movements and protest actions, that Checking it can be important, due to Toledo's special circumstances politically, socially and geographically. The specific conditions of that city, including the capital background, geographical centrality, the presence of various native tribes of Spain in the vicinity, next to the barbarians and immigrant Arabs, and their participation in urban economy and social actions in the second and third century AH, determined the city's special relationship with Umayyads. As during this period, Toledo was the site of protest movements and consecutive riots, while often the way the Umayyad government deals with these movements had exacerbated it. That's the main question in the present study that how did Toledo's economic situation and its market affect the formation, continuation and decline of the protest movements in that city? The research hypothesis is that given the geographical centrality and political and commercial background of Toledo, the prosperity of agriculture and its market enabled it to confront the government, and provided the possibility and the impetus for the protest movements, while the economic decline in specific periods, was relatively effective in declining movements.