Critique of the Qur'anic Adaptation of the Findings of Aristotle and Galen on the Stages of Embryonic Development

One of the scientific miracles of the Qur'an is embryology and the stages of creation. This issue, however, has been raised in the form of origin and resurrection; But in the field of medical miracles can be explored. The current article seeks to answer the question of whether the embryology of the Qur'an is adapted from the embryology of Greek scientists? The present research is organized by analytical-descriptive method and with the approach of matching between sciences and Qur’an, using Qur’anic verses and the views of commentators, scholars, hadiths of Imams (A.S.) and opinions of Greek scientists, and the method of collecting its contents is documental. The result of the debate is that Greek scientists put forward views on the stages of human creation that are inconsistent with divine revelations. Aristotle, for example, refers to the combination of sperm and menstrual blood, and the Qur'an refers to it as blood clots, while the lexicographers mention four meanings for علقه(hanging, resembling a leech, red, blood clots) and all of them are in accordance with the science of embryology or they say: The female sperm does not have any role in the fetus, while in the Qur'an it is called " نطفه امشاج: mixed fluid". According to the views of Shiite commentators and lexicographers and medical scientists, it can be said that the theories of Aristotle and Galen overshadowed Europe until the 18th century; However, the theories of the Qur'an in the seventh century were contrary to their theories, and according to scientists, miraculous material in the field of embryology was put forward by Qur’an, and it cannot be claimed that Qur’an has adapted from earlier texts.