Investigation of the Incidence rate of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy with and without Prophylaxis

It has been suggested that thromboembolism occurs more frequently after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy with and without prophylaxis in hospitals affiliated to Azad University from 2011 to 2014.

This retrospective cohort study was performed on 150 patients in two groups of 75 who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in hospitals affiliated to Azad University from 2011 to 2014. A pre-made checklist was used to record patient's information such as age, gender, body mass index, treatment complications, and DVT. Furthermore, the patients were evaluated based on Wells score; moreover, a quantitative D-dimer test, and three risk classifications (Wells score) for DVT were performed 72 h and 14 days after surgery. Patients with a high preoperative probability score and a positive preoperative D-dimer were excluded from the study. All images with a high probability postoperative score for DVT and/or positive postoperative D-dimers were scanned for definitive diagnosis of DVT. Finally, the data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) through the Chi-square test. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The DVT was not observed in any of the patients in the two groups. Moreover, 40% and 20% of the patients in the case and control groups had coronary artery disease, respectively, which was statistically a significant difference (P=0.008). Furthermore, 48% and 20% of the cases in the case and control groups had hypertension, respectively, which was statistically significant (P=0.0001). In addition, 28% and 6.7% of the patients in the case and control groups had hyperlipoproteinemia, respectively, which showed a significant difference between the two groups in this regard (P=0.001). In total, 20% and 6.7% of the individuals in the case and control groups were sedentary, respectively, which showed a statistically significant difference (P=0.016).

In this study, even those who were supposed to receive DVT according to the instructions did not receive it and did not develop DVT; therefore, it is not necessary to prescribe prophylaxis for DVT.