Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) is a widespread life-threatening infection worldwide. There is an uncertainty in the association between the emergence of autoimmune antibodies and TB.
We hereby aimed to screen anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) IgA in patients with TB in an Iranian population.
This was a cross sectional study conducted on smear positive TB patients admitted to the Respiratory Diseases Management Center of the city of Zabol, Sistan and Baluchestan Province of Iran during 2017 - 2018. Anti-tTG IgA level was determined using an ELISA kit (Pars Azmoun, Iran). Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS 19 software.
Overall, 162 patients were evaluated. Females and males constituted 87 (53.7%) and 75 (46.3%) of the patients respectively. The mean age was 51.7 ± 22.3 years (range of 1 - 83). Afghan patients constituted 16 (9.9%) and the remaining were Iranians. The therapy course was successfully completed in 78 (48.1%) patients, and 67 (41.4%) improved following treatments. Overall, 5 patients had active TB with 2 drug-resistant cases. Pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed in 127 (78.4%) while 35 (21.6%) had extra-pulmonary disease. The mean titer of anti-tTG IgA was 22.59 ± 107.7 (range of 0.8 - 940). Overall, 19 (11.9%) of the patients showed elevated levels of the antibody. There was no significant association between anti-tTG IgA titer with neither demographic nor clinical variables.
Although anti-tTG IgA antibody test was positive in a relatively high ratio of our patients with TB, the clinical implications of this phenomenon were not significant.
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