A suggestion on the location of the islamic Torshiz city based on interdisciplinary studies (GIS, Written texts and archaeological data)

One of the most important reasons for the formation of cities is their geographic location. Sometimes these particular geographic conditions themselves cause the city to be displaced or it’s obsolete or abandonment. In some cases, cities are destroyed by factors other than natural ones; these types of factors are directly related to humans. The historic city of Torshiz, based on historical sources, is one of the most important cities of the Islamic era in Khorasan, which changed its location by changing the cultural landscape of Torshiz province, changing the location that displaced the city from the western part to the eastern part. The cultural area of Torshiz includes Bardaskan, Khalil Abad and Kashmar in the southwest of Khorasan Razavi. Before the transfer of the historic city of Torshiz to the eastern part (the political area of current Kashmare city) around the middle of the 12th century AH, this city has been located in the present day of Bardaskan city area, and this is well traceable from historical sources. This research is aimed at analyzing historical data and analytical types of archaeological data, statistical models in the geographic information system and suggested written sources for the location of the historic city of Torshiz. The results of the research, based on the knowledge of written sources, archaeological data, and the help of the GIS, eventually revealed the historic site of Firoozabad has been shown as the city of Torshiz, obviously the archaeological excavations can enhance our information in this field.