Comparison of effect of the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of vision and motor cortex on learning of basketball free throw

The purpose of the current study was to examine the comparison of effects of the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of vision and motor cortex on learning of basketball free throw. In semi-experimental study with repeated measure design, 45 novice female students in free throw (Earn score below 59 on Proficiency Level Test) an age range 18 to 30 years old and with normal eye and right hand accessibly selected and randomly located in three tDCS on vision cortex, tDCS on motor cortex and artificial stimulation groups. In pre test phase, participants 15 trial free throw. Intervention phase done in 6 consecutive days that each day electrical stimulation of the brain was performed the motor cortex (C3 anode & Fp2 anode), the visual cortex (Oz anode & Cz cathode) and artificial stimulation, and then participants performed 15 free throws. In last session post test phase executed. One week and 21 days after post test phase respectively executed short and long term retention phase. Data analyzed with ANOVA with repeated measure statistical method. The result indicated that tDCS on motor cortex (F= 16.90, sig =0.0001, η2 =0,547) and vision cortex (F= 7.41, sig =0.0001, η2 =0,346) significantly improved basketball free throw. Other results indicated that tDCS on motor cortex than tDCS on vision cortex cause improvement basketball free throw (p < 0.05). Overall, the results of the current study indicated that tDCS on motor cortex can be effective as a new training method in addition to physical training to improve free throw skills.