Opportunities, Threats and Solutions Facing the Energy Diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran on Regional Political Economy (2003-2019)

Energy and its importance and role in diplomacy are invisible. According to the main issue of this article, Iran's relations with Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, as a case in point, look at the role of diplomacy in securing energy in the context of regional political economy. "What is energy diplomacy in the context of a regional political economy with a focus on threats and opportunities?" Accordingly, the paper hypothesizes that "the implications of Iran's security-building relationship with Saudi Arabia and the UAE on energy diplomacy in the Middle East set the stage for unbalanced trends in the volume of confrontation and widespread threats to interactive situations and limited opportunities."The field of energy diplomacy has been in the context of regional political economy, which in the face of sanctions and economic pressure has led the Islamic Republic of Iran to use strategies such as purity and swap to circumvent sanctions.The paper's findings also show that Iran's relations with the Middle East, as well as traces of interaction between 2003 and 2019, are often based on a confrontation between the two sides. In this paper, descriptive-analytical method has been used by referring to the first category of library resources.