Passive Defense Considerations in the Designof Specific Bridges for Continuous Service inCrisis Situations
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Article Type:
Research/Original Article (دارای رتبه معتبر)
Abstract:

Bridges are one of the key elements in a country’s transportation network; thus, they are the first targets of exsplosiveattacks on transport infrastructure. Destruction of bridges in a network leads to a significant reduction in access andlatency in the transmission. In order to counteract and mitigate the consequences of these types of threats, it is essentialto meet the requirements for designing and constructing optimal structures resistant to explosive waves. Despite the risingnumber of such threats every day around the world, there has been very limited research on the risk assessment of thebridge. In this research, along with a review of a variety of risk assessment methods, the method proposed in the FEMA452 instructionwas selected due to its rationale, comprehensiveness and ease of use. In order to determine the importanceof vulnerable bridges, a questionnaire was developed based on FEMA criteria and was made available to experts. In thisquestionnaire, network threats were first identified and ranked, and then, the value of bridge assets was investigated andthe probable vulnerability was calculated in each threat scenario. In order to evaluate the results, one of the bridges ofDorood-Khorramabad railway route was selected as the case study and risk calculations were made on its components.The results of the analyses revealed the risk number of 250 as the threshold for identifying assets of high and ultra highrisks. Accordingly, the deck and column introduced the highest risk number by applying the coefficient of threat, assetvalue, and vulnerability. In order to analyze the breakdown of the bridge due to the explosion, version 15 of ANSYS software was used. In thisregard, the bridge was modeled and the assets with a higher risk than the specified value were subjected to the loadsof explosion of different values of the TNT. Then, the bridge behavior of the overall stability and concrete damage wasnoticed. By reviewing the results of modeling, solutions to reduce the risk of explosive threats have been presented, whichwill help to continue the service of the bridge in the time of crises.

Language:
Persian
Published:
Emergency Management, Volume:9 Issue: 1, 2020
Pages:
53 to 68
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