The role of wheat endophytic bacteria in the induction of resistance against Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici ubder greenhouse conditions

In this study the possibility of inducing resistance was tested using five endophytic bacterial strains against wheat take–all disease caused by the Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that disease severity in treated plants compared to control samples decreased 56.6% and wheat resistance against the pathogen has been substantially increased. Effect of five endophytic bacterial strains including Pseudomonas fluorescens, Serratia marcescens, Microbacterium phyllosphaerae, Bacillus pumilus and Streptomyces argenteolus were studied on some enzymes related to plant resistance at the 0, 24, 48 and 168 hours after inoculation with Ggt. Results showed the highest levels of the β–1, 4–glucanase and chitinase at 48 and 168 hours after inoculating of pathogen. The level of β–1, 4–glucanase in plant samples inoculated with Serratia marcescens showed 0.0291 U/mg protein compared to c+ (healthy control without endophytic bacteria and pathogen) with 0/0055 and cp (pathogen– infected control and untreated with endophytic bacteria ) with 0/0075. The level of chitinase for plant samples inoculated with Pseudomonas fluorescens and Serratia marcescens strains were 0.0056 and 0.0045 U/mg protein compared to c+ (healthy control without endophytic bacteria and pathogen) with 0/0030 and cp (pathogen– infected control and untreated with endophytic bacteria) with 0/0031, respectively.