Investigation of the Viral Fusion Proteins Mechanism and Their Analysis in Different Viruses

Viral fusion protein through protected areas called fusion peptide are essential for entry of the virus into the host cell by membrane integration. Fusion phenomenon occurs at the host cell surface or in the cytoplasmic compounds and in cytoplasmic components. The fusion proteins are divided into three categories according to variations that are likely during the fusion. In the first category, which includes viruses such as orthomixo, paramyxo, filo, corona, and retroviruses, definite domains of fusion proteins are cleaved and removed and they become mature and functional. The second group of fusion proteins is alpha and flaviviruses become their functional form without cleavage. The third category also includes viruses such as vesicular stomatitis, herpes simplex, and baculovirus, they have common features of the first and second categories.The changes in fusion protein in the levels before and after fusion, description of fusion proteins in viruses such as influenza, filo, and reoviruses as a prototype of fusion protein viruses and their therapeutic applications of fusion protein as potential drugs such as Lactoferrin and Enfuvertide in preventing the occurrence of fusion phenomenon is an important issue for consideration about multiplication and virus entry.