Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori vacA, cagA, cagE1, cagE2, dupA and oipA Genotypes in Patients With Gastrointestinal Diseases

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a bacterium that resides in the human stomach,which is associated with gastroduodenal diseases. We investigate the prevalence of cagA, vacA, oipA, cagE1, cagE2and dupAgenotypes in H. pyloriisolated from patients with Gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, and Gastric Cancer. Collected 74 samples from the Gastroenterology Unit of the Rasool Akram Hospital were included in this study. Gastric disorders were identified by endoscopy .gastric cancer was further confirmed by histopathology. H. pyloriwere detected by the urease test. Subsequently, DNA was extracted from gastric tissue ofthe subjects with the CLO-test yielded positive results.In general, 74 patients with a mean age of 53.45 years (Range 22 to 86-year-old), including 45 men and 29 women, were studied. Among 74 H. pylori-positive patients, 70 (94.5%) patients were positivefor the cagA gene. About 95.8% (23/24) of the patients with gastric carcinoma were dupApositive and VacA gene (91.8%). The oipA genotype was detected in 71 (96%) of H.pyloripositive samples. This gene was more common in patients with gastritis rather than cancer group. Also, 97.2% of 74 H. pyloriisolates were cagE2-positive. In 25 patients with PUD, the occurrence percent of cagA+/VacA+, cagA+/Vac-, cagA-/VacA+ and cagA-/VaxA-genotypes were found 80%, 12%, 4.2% and 4.2 respectively.The results of the present study suggest that a high prevalence of virulent factors could contribute to the risk of developing gastroduodenal diseases.