Effects of soy isoflavonoids (genistein and daidzein) on endometrial receptivity

This study aimed to examine the effects of genistein and daidzein on endometrial receptivity by histopathological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical techniques. In this study, 72 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 8 groups. The endometrial receptivity model was applied to identified groups. Experimental animals were given periorally 10 mg/kg and high 40 mg/kg doses of genistein and daidzein for 5 days by gavage. At the end of the experiment, uterine tissues were evaluated histopathologically, immunohistochemically, and biochemically. When histopathological findings were examined, significant decreases in pinopod formation were observed in high dose genistein and daidzein groups. When compared with the endometrial receptivity group, immunohistochemical staining findings showed a significant decrease in the expression of integrin β3, integrin αvβ3, LIF, and HOXA10 and an increase in MUC 1 expression in the high dose of genistein and daidzein groups.  In biochemical evaluations, it was determined that genistein and daidzein increased estrogen levels and decreased progesterone levels in a dose-dependent manner.   Genistein and daidzein have a negative effect on endometrial receptivity.  Therefore, individuals with a risk of infertility should pay attention to the consumption of genistein and daidzein.