The Analysis of Narrative Elements in the Literary Descriptions of Jami’s Yusouf and Zoleikha Poem

Poets use two important structures of narration and description in narrative poems to create an attractive and compelling narrative. Description is a tool used by the creator of the work to highlight the word, but it is the timeless dimension of the narrative text, too. Narrative is a representation of an event or series of events. These two important dimensions are in contrast with each other in terms of speech time and story time. Therefore, considering the relationship between these two important dimensions in different theories of narration and on narrative texts is important. Theorists such as Tomashevsky, Barthes and Genette have studied description and its relationship with narrative and narration. In all narrative theories, description is the static dimension of the narrative text that is added to the context of the word in order to create an effective text in the narrative. In this research, the relationship between description and narration in Jami’s Yusouf and Zoleikha based on Tomashevsky, Barthes and Genette’s perspective was analyzed. The present paper seeks to answer this question: what is the relationship between literary descriptions and narration in Yusouf and Zoleikha poem? In this poem, based on Tomashevsky’s theory, description is the free and static basis of the text and according to Barthes’s theory, it belongs to the the category of special indices and informants. From the perspective of Genette, description creates a negative acceleration in the narrative and finds a decorative and symbolic function in this poem. In addition, the propositions in the description are all of the type of propositions of existence.