Rice transplanting and direct seeding cultivation, Technical and economic solution for rice production in Golestan province (on farm)

Changing the cultivation method of rice from transplanting to direct seeding due to water consumption and destruction of soil structure in the transplanting has been considered by farmers.This study was carried out to evaluate the technical and economical changes of rice cultivation from transplanting to direct seeding in Golestan province in 2018. For this purpose, 10 rice farmers were selected, of which 7 farmers had their rice cultivation done by direct seeding method. The results showed that the amount of water used in direct seeding method with sprinkler irrigation system was from 5700 to 14100 and in the transplanting method was from 8500 to 15200 cubic meters per hectare. Water productivity in direct seeding farm with Fajr Cultivar was 35% and with Tarom Binam Cultivar was 17% higher than Transplanting of theirs. The average water productivity of Neda cultivar direct seeded was two percent lower than transplanting. The physical productivity of inputs indicated that by allocating per kg of fertilizer and seed, working day and cubic meter of water in the direct seeding method, 18.3, 243.6, 77.8 and 0.57 and 16.1, 6, and in transplanting method 16.1, 110.6, 57.4 and 0.45 kg of rice are produced, respectively. direct seeding compared to transplanting can reduce the consumption of inputs and production costs. In the direct seeding, rice yields less than the transplanting, but with proper management, profitability can be increased.