Adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with integrated screening for positive aneuploidy at Babol University of Medical Sciences: April 2017 to June 2019

Aneuploidy screening before birth is essential prenatal care for all pregnant women, regardless of maternal age. Prenatal screening allows prenatal treatment of the fetus and proper pregnancy management. This study was performed with aim to determine the adverse pregnancy in pregnant women with positive aneuploidy screening at first and second trimester or combination of them.

This cohort study was performed on 423 pregnant women from April 2017 to June 2019. Demographic, fertility, and laboratory data were recorded from the prenatal file or maternal self-report during prenatal care receiving, and then, the pregnant women were placed in two groups of women with positive and negative serum aneuploidy screening in terms of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 23), and Chi-square, T-test and crude and adjusted logistic regression. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

In this study, 423 pregnant women in terms of adverse pregnancy outcomes were placed in two groups of pregnant women with positive and negative serum aneuploidy screening. Mean age in the positive and negative serum aneuploidy screening groups were 33.08 ± 5.77 and 29.54 ± 5.85, respectively (P = 0.001). The incidence of abortion, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction and NICU admission was higher in screen-positive group compared to screen-negative group. The crude odds risk ratio of adverse pregnancy outcomes in screen-positive women (OR = 1.87 (1/15- 3/03) P = 0.04 and adjusted risk odds after controlling for maternal age, body mass index and parity was OR = 1.79 (1.09 -2.96) P = 0.02.

Adverse pregnancy outcomes are higher in women with positive aneuploidy screening. Further studies are needed to determine the sensitivity and specificity and accuracy of positive aneuploidy screening.