Synthesis and consolidation of Ti2SC nano layer by spark plasma sintering and its wear behavior

In this study, the synthesis of the Ti2SC nano layer was investigated by ball milling of Ti, FeS2, and C powders. Formation of MAX phase powder after ball milling and after spark plasma sintered (SPSed) sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology and the microstructure of powders were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) along with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results of the X-ray diffraction patterns showed the reaction between raw materials and the formation of Ti2SC and TiC phases as well as α-Fe, after 10 h ball milling. Iron in the product was removed by an acid washing with 0.5M HCl. Spark plasma sintering at 1450 °C was used to prepare a bulk Ti2SC sample. Archimedes' test results showed that the sample was consolidated to 98% of the theoretical density. To evaluate the wear behavior of the bulk sample, a pin-on-disk wear device was used. The results of the wear test showed a low wear rate. This low wear rate was attributed to the self-lubricating nature of the Ti2SC nano layer. The friction coefficient for the three forces was also uniform. As the wearing force increased, the wear rate also increased.