Effects of intercropping of triticale cultivars on some morphological, yield, and yield component traits

In order to evaluate the effects of intercropping on some morphological, yield, and yield components traits of different Triticale cultivars, an experiment has been conducted, based on a randomized complete block design in three replication during the 2018-2019 growing season in the research farms of Faculty of Agriculture of Sarayan. The experimental treatments are consisted of 12 patterns of monocrop and intercropping of Pajh, Sanabad, and Jualinoo cultivars (100% Pajh, 100% Jualinoo, 100% Sanabad, 50% Pajh + 50% Sanabad, 50% Jualinoo+50% Jualinoo, 33% Pajh+ 33% Jualinoo+33% sanabad, 70% Pajh + 30% Sanabad, 30% Pajh + 70% Sanabad, 70% Jualinoo+30% Sanabad, 30% Jualinoo+70% Sanabad, 70% Pajh + 30% Jualinoo,  and 30% Pajh + 70% Jualinoo). Results show that the highest plant height and straw yield have been obtained under the monocropping of Sanabad cultivar with the highest values of spike length, number of grain per spike, number of spike per square meter, number of grain per plant, 1000 grains weight, grain yield, and harvest index belonging to the monocrop pattern of Pajh cultivar and intercropping of 70% Pajh+ 30% Jualinoo treatments. Furthermore, the highest biological yield and content of leaf chlorophyll have been achieved under 30% Pajh + Sanabad 70% and Pajh 70% + Jualinoo 30% treatments, respectively. Results also show that the highest LER has been calculated under the application of intercropping of 70% Pajh + 30% Sanabad, Pajh 30% + 70% Sanabad, and Pajh 70% + Jualinoo 30%, compared with other treatments. In general, concerning the obtained results of the present study and the highest LER in Pajh 70% + Jualinoo 30%, it is concluded that the aforementioned intercropping can be used instead of monocrop of different triticale cultivars.