Evaluation mycorrhizal symbiosis role in physiological activity of three cotton cultivar under different salinities

Salinity is the most important abiotic agents limiting plant growth and yield. Mycorrhizal symbiosis can play an important role in moderate the effects on salinity in plants. This study was conducted to evaluate different cotton cultivars in different salinity concentrations and determine the suitable genotype symbiosis with mycorrhiza by effects of carbohydrates synthesis and plant growth parameters. This research was arranged as factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the greenhouse. Factors included three soil salinity levels as the main plot: control (Ec -1), moderate salinity (Ec -1) and severe salinity (Ec -1) and three cottonseed cultivars (Golestan; Termez 14 and Red leaf) with two levels of mycorrhiza (Rhizophagus intraradices) (with and without mycorrhiza). The number of carpels, number of seeds in the carpel, seed weight, fiber weight, sepal weight, seed length, root volume, stem and root length, carbohydrate content in coat and endosperm seed (glucose, xylose, rhamnose, and starch), and mycorrhiza symbiosis percentage traits were studied. Data were analyzed with SAS software. Results showed that red leaf had the most monosaccharide and polysaccharide content in coat and endosperm in moderate salinity with mycorrhiza. The most seed weight and root length were in moderate salinity with mycorrhiza. Golestan cultivar had the most symbiosis percent against non-salinity. The maximum carbohydrate concentration with mycorrhizal symbiosis, showed an efficient role in improving salinity stress-tolerant in red leaf cultivar.