Reincarnation in Hinduism Culture and Mulla Sadra's Philosophical School

The ancestors had different beliefs because of their lack of awareness and aristocracy about the afterlife. Among these beliefs is the "reincarnation" that is defined by the law of karma: the quality and manner of the rebirth, life and subsequent destiny of man, which are determined by his actions, speech and thought in the previous life. This series of rebirth is continued, and ultimately, according to the doctrine of Moksha the soul can be saved and liberated. The "Reincarnation Theory" as a manifestation of customs and culture has been the cognitive marker of certain religions in the Indian land. The main point of this paper is to examine the place of reincarnation as one of the cultural dimensions of Hinduism and its criticism in Mulla Sadra's philosophical school. This article, with a descriptive-analytical approach, in addition to analyzing the functions and effects of the belief in reincarnation on Indian culture, seeks to analyze Mulla Sadra's innovative arguments for its revocation. The cultural functions of reincarnation include: deterrence, moral values ​​creation, caste sovereignty, the justification of suffering, and the value of good deeds. In addition to presenting arguments for denial of disfigurement, Mulla Sadra has provided arguments for self-esteem, potency and act arguments, substantial motion, etc. to reject their theory.