The problems of Imamiyyah theologians' theory about free will and its educational fruits: A critical study

Free will is one of the important issues that philosophers and theologians have debated for a long time. This research tries to explain the convincing and accurate Islam viewpoint in connection with the truth of free will based on the library method, analyzing data, comparative and collecting views. Even though some Imamiyyah theologians like Khajeh Nasir al-Din al-Tusi and Allameh Helli have proofed human's free will but they have made two mistaken: first, believing Tafwid and second accepting paradox between some Quran verses. Although the correct theory in this regard is human's free will but a commitment to this issue has no concomitance with Tafwid. Islam's viewpoint in this issue is Amr bayn al-amrayn and according to this theory, human's actions are ascribed to God and human at the same time in such a way that human's works are in line God's actions. So for explaining free will there is no necessary to assume the human actions are independent of God's actions. On the other hand, explaining the truth of free will eliminate the first conflict between guidance and misguidance verses. In this research, the relationships between free will and delegation, God's knowledge and divine destiny and providence are considered and at the end, the educational fruits of free will are examined.