The study of sociological background and social factors affecting the formation and empowerment of the Salafist-Takfiri group of ISIL in Iraq (2003-2003)

The process of formation and then the rise of ISIS in Iraq and Syria has several factors, the most important of which are social factors. The US occupation of Iraq in 2003 and its aftermath on Iraqi society and government marked the beginning of an important part of the developments leading up to the formation of ISIS. The question of the article is that; From a sociological point of view, how can the formation and rise of the Salafi-Takfiri movement in Iraq, especially ISIS, be explained? To answer this question, the framework presented in Neil Smelser's theory of collective behavior, which consists of a six-variable process, is used. Accordingly, considering the variable "structural pressure", the hypothesis of this article in answer to the main question is that; The ambiguities, deprivations and suspicions formed among the Sunni Arabs following the occupation of Iraq, as the most important example of structural pressure, are among the most serious sociological factors involved in the formation and rise of ISIS. After carefully examining the structural pressure created after the occupation of Iraq on the Sunni Arabs and compiling a composite table of the levels of detail of the collective action of the Sunni Arabs in Iraq before the occupation and the centers of structural pressure of the structural pressure after the occupation, using the document collection method And library sources explain (why) and then analyze the sociological dimensions of the formation and rise of ISIS.