The typology of the responsibilities of "Citizens' arrest" In Iranian law

Weaknesses from create security by the criminal arsenal, it provided the ground for citizen participation. In this type of cooperation, Citizens have a more serious presence providing security and with the use of some officers' powers react to crime. The arrest of the defendants is one of the powers that the legislator, pursuant to Note 1, Article 45 of the Code of Criminal Procedure has given the citizens. The purpose of writing this article, In addition explaining the mandatory or optional activities of citizens to arrest the accused, Investigating the framework of criminal and civil liability of citizens under the protection of justified means and factors Excluding Criminal Responsibility. The methods research is descriptive-analytical and using library resources. It seems that the legislator has allowed such activities to citizens and this permission as one of the Justifiable crime factors any criminal and civil liability of citizens is denied, but the existence of some Factors for Excluding Criminal Responsibility, such as mistake and ignorance in the process of arrest, may encounter the citizenry of the intervener with a variety of legal responsibilities. These responsibilities will reduce the level of citizen participation and will not provide the purpose of enacting the law.