Recognition of the nature of Sabat in historical contexts (Case study of Sabats of the neighborhoods of Naein historical context)

Sabbat is one of the architectural elements of Iranian urban spaces, which is still found in the passages of many historic cities such as Naein. The conceptual and structural assessment of the exciting analyses about Sabbat shows that most of them are descriptive and are not provided by a clear methodological principle. However, new dimensions of Sabbat's nature is obtained in this paper by exploring Sabbat via both qualitative and quantitative analyzes in the historical context of Naein. In this research, interpretive-historical, descriptive-analytical methods, content analysis, and case studies have been used for providing a special model to analyze the Sabbats. These analyses are carried out by the historical documents and interviews about the oral history of the Sabbats, field observations. Quantitative and qualitative components have been studied separately in the neighborhoods of Naein historical context, in this study, due to more detailed study and also the importance and lack of studies in the field of physical cognition of Sabbats. The qualitative section results indicate that the construction of Sabbat and the creation of more space has made the high surface of passage more application. This space is limited to two bodies of the passage. Therefore, it belongs to the two properties which are located on both sides of the passages. By constructing and using the Sabbat, secondary, social, climatic, and defensive functions are arranged, and it is transformed from a merely covering element into a multifunctional element. The results in the quantitative section show the volumetric composition of Sabbat in the upper level of the passage has been designed in open, closed forms with opening in the facade and a semi-open with the porch in front of the closed space of Sabbat. Also, the Sabbats with east-west stretches have more shading than the north-south Sabbats.