The Role of Public Contribution in Restoration of the Jahrom City Urban Decay

The central and old texture of cities, which were once the most important and best residential neighborhoods of cities and due to the presence of human communities today have many historical and memorable elements, has now suffered from inefficiency. Burnout, inefficiency and reduced efficiency is one texture compared to other urban textures. Erosion of the tissue and its internal elements occurs either due to antiquity or due to the lack of a development program and technical supervision over the formation of that tissue. The consequence of tissue depletion, which ultimately leads to the destruction of citizens, can be perceived and identified in various forms, including the reduction or lack of viability and safety conditions, as well as physical, social, economic and institutional disorders. Worn tissue is the whole or part of the urban space whose biological system is disturbed and inefficient both in terms of construction and function of its vital components. In other words, areas of the city that suffer from urban decline and spatial concentration and consequently suffer from the economic, social, physical and environmental problems caused by it are called declining and worn urban textures. Today, people's participation in renovating the old texure fabric of cities is considered as the most important factor for success in urban management. It is obvious that the participation of the people in the renovation of the old texure tissue requires the necessary motivations of the residents and the existence of the necessary motivations requires their conviction in this work. Jahrom, as one of the important cities in the south of Fars province, also has problems. It suffers from old texture tissues and over time has embraced old texure neighborhoods. The city has a population of 141,634; And about 104 hectares of it is the old texure fabric of the city. The population of worn tissue is equal to 22375 people. In this regard, the present study tries to investigate the role of public participation in organizing the old texure urban fabric in Jahrom.

This research is based on the purpose of applied-developmental type and using the library method, the theoretical foundations of the research have been collected and with field observations using a questionnaire tool, the required information has been collected. After compiling the questionnaire using simple random sampling method, these questionnaires were completed. The sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula of 250 people. Data were analyzed using SPSS and ArcGis software using factor analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient. The variables studied in this study include physical dimensions, social dimensions, economic dimensions and environmental dimensions.

Factor-heuristic analysis method has been used to prioritize the variables. To perform a satisfactory factor analysis, the KMO value must be greater than /5. .The results of the calculations show that more than /5. (KMO = 575) and sig (sig =/000), so the existence of correlations between variables is confirmed. In this regard, to process the data and identify the underlying factors of the research variables, the principal component analysis method has been used. According to the degree of correlation of each of the indicators, appropriate titles can be selected for each of them, which are discussed below. The first factor alone accounts for 16.287% of the variance and has the greatest impact among the four factors. Therefore, based on the accumulated variables, this factor can be called physical. The second factor accounts for 11.04.04% of the variance and is known as the second factor. Based on the loaded variables, it can be called a social factor. The third factor accounts for 8.972% of the variance and can be called an economic factor. The fourth factor accounts for 7.574 57 574% of the variance. Based on the loaded variables, this factor can be called an environmental factor.

The city of Jahrom is one of the cities that, while having potential capabilities in attracting population, has faced the problem of old texture tissue. In this regard, in this article, the role of public participation in organizing the old texure fabric of Jahrom was analyzed. Based on the results of factor analysis technique, physical factor including the variables of quality of communication channels, life of the residential unit, type of occupation of the residential unit, building materials, residents' satisfaction with the physical condition of the neighborhood, educational and cultural spaces and quality of buildings alone / 287 It accounts for 16% of the variance and has the greatest impact among the four factors. Social factors such as; Indigenous variables of place, previous place of residence in case of migration, family residence history in place and literacy, which account for 11.04.04% of the variance and is known as the second factor. The economic factor includes the variables of financial assistance to residents, monthly household income, monthly household expenditure and the job of the head of the household account for 8.972% of the variance and the environmental factor includes, how to dispose of garbage in the neighborhood, how to dispose of sewage in Neighborhood and lack of health facilities. This factor accounts for 7.574% of the variance. Also, the results indicate that there is a statistically significant relationship between the two variables of participation rate and trust rate according to the value of Pearson correlation coefficient (.168). In addition, there is a statistically significant relationship between the two variables of satisfaction and public participation. It can be concluded that the physical factor or in other words physical problems as the most important problem and subsequently social problems in the current situation of the worn tissue has been influential. Therefore, in the dimension of organizing the worn tissue, attention to the above factors can be considered as an effective way in planning and organizing them.