Therapeutic effects of obesity surgery on glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes

Obesity is considered as an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and other metabolic diseases. Obesity accounts for about 55% of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of obesity surgery on glucose, HbA1C, insulin and C-peptide serum levels in the patients with T2D.

Methods and materials: 

This prospective cohort study carried out on 25 patients aged between 18-70 years who had with T2D and body mass index above 40 kg /m2. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) level, HbA1C and Two-hour postprandial (2HPP), insulin level, and C-peptide were measured in all patients before surgery and the patients were fully evaluated for the presence of diabetes complications. The patients underwent Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB), mini-gastric bypass, and sleeve gastrectomy, and were re-evaluated 24 hours, one week, two month, and six months after surgery.

Twenty-five people underwent (sleeve gastrectomy for 12 cases, RYGB for 7 cases and mini-bypass surgery for 6 cases). Twenty cases (80.0%) were women and five cases (20.0%) were men. The mean age of the patients was 46.16 ± 10.97 years (25-67 years).The mean fasting blood sugar, 2HPP, HbA1C, insulin, and C-peptide in general and in all three groups showed a significant decrease.

The findings of the study showed that all three surgical procedures were effective in improving T2D by six months after surgery.