A participatory framework in the concept of landscape aesthetic in Cultural Ecosystem Services. Case Study: District 22 of Tehran

Ecosystem services can be useful in terms of participatory and integration of citizens. Many of the issues addressed by the concept of ecosystem services have been addressed in urban and regional planning and can be supported through the development of an interactive scenario with stakeholders. The purpose of this study is to design a participatory framework of stakeholders using Bayesian networks to conceptualize landscape aesthetic in ecosystem cultural services in which stakeholders from nine different disciplines are involved. In fact, the present study is an applied (descriptive and causal) research that, after collecting field and library information, has used brainstorming technique. The mean and variance are used to convert stakeholder outcomes into probabilities in the Bayesian network. Because abstract terms can be classified through a multivariate Bayesian network and cohesive brainstorming. Final sensitivity analysis through output probabilities showed that topography includes elevation and slope of the land, water, and dense vegetation in areas such as Chitgar Forest Park, Artificial Lake of Azadi and Khargoush Dareh Park have highest aesthetic value. Also, natural elements such as lakes, forest trees, and agricultural lands show higher quality in terms of visualization. Overall, the present study does not focus on individual indicators; rather, it is a methodology consistent with aesthetic considerations that can be used in local citizens' participation alongside stakeholders and future planning of landscape aesthetic.