Identification of DHN5 gene and its evolutionary relationships in wheat and its ancestors

LEA proteins as cumulative proteins were identified in the late embryonic period to cope with environmental stresses for the first time in wheat and cotton Dehydrogenase proteins are the second group of LEA family of highly hydrated proteins that are resistant to drought. In order to identify and evaluate the molecular evolution of the nucleotide sequence of the DHN5 gene, this gene was derived from three wild species of diploids (Aegilops speltoides, Aegilops tauschii and Triticum urartu), two durum wheat cultivars of tetraploid (Behrang and Shabrang) and two wheat cultivars of hexaploid (Bolani And Sistan) were isolated and sequenced. This is the first report of detection of DHN5 gene in wheat.  Results of gene sequencing in wheat cultivars and its ancestors were recorded in the NCBI. The results showed that transient succession was more than interchanging substitution and the ratio of dN / dS was 1.13, which shows the trend of positive selection of DHN5 gene among wheat cultivars and wildlife during evolution. Protected areas form a small part of the DHN5 gene sequence, which indicates its susceptibility to nucleotide and mutational changes. The phylogenetic tree of the wheat genes sequence, along with 28 other plant varieties, was plotted using the Neighbor-joining method, which indicates the various evolutionary pathways of the DHN5 gene. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Sistan cultivar suffered from many mutations because of its compatibility with drought stress conditions, therefore the sequence of this gene has changed greatly, which makes it possible to separate from other wheat in the phylogenetic studies. According to the results obtained in all of the studied cultivars, it can be concluded that this gene is probably located on all three genomes A, B and D of wheat.