A Review of Aging Theories and its Reflection in the Landscape Architectural Features of Nursing Homes

Human as a part of nature, has a beginning, a peak and finally a decline. Considering the increase in the elderly population and the phenomenon of population aging, it seems necessary to know the qualitative strategies for improving the lives of the large group of the elderly. One of the solutions to improve the elderly’s life quality is to take advantage of the appropriate natural landscape in their living space.While recognizing the common theories of aging and summarizing these theories, the present study tries to identify the needs of the elderly and provide a perspective with characteristics appropriate to their physical, psychological and social needs. In the present study, the methods of library studies and documents were used to collect the information and based on popular theories of old age such as theories based on the attitude focused on the elderly, the dominance of society over the behavior of the elderly, the interactive attitude of the elderly and society and the attitude of honoring the elderly. The community tried to select a suitable action plan for landscaping nursing homes based on a more comprehensive theory. The results of the study indicated the application of the attitude of respecting the elderly in accordance with the teachings of Islam. Also, the option of applied-visual landscaping with features such as emotional (emotional stimulus, absence of stressors, user comfort), functional (user opinion, ease of movement, user needs, perception, creating a sense of self-awareness) for landscaping in nursing homes appropriate to their needs and values ​​were presented in the respectful attitude of the elderly.