Surface Modified Nanomagnetite-Assisted Hollow Fiber Solid/ Liquid Phase Microextraction for Pre-concentration and Determination of Palladium in Water Samples by Differential Pulse Voltammetry

An efficient separation-preconcentration procedure namely hollow fiber solid/liquid phase microextraction (HF-SLPME) was developed for determination of trace amounts of palladium in water samples by differential pulse voltammetry. In this method, a hybrid sorbent utilizing functionalized nanoparticles incorporated in an organic solvent was used as the extractor phase. The nanoparticle dis persed in the organic solvent is held in the pores and lumen of a porous polypropylene hollow fiber. It is in contact directly with the aqueous donor phase. The influence of the various analytical parameters such as pH, kind and amounts of nanoparticle and matrix effects, sample volume, extraction time, etc. were studied for the quantitative recoveries of the analyte ions. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the calibration curves for Pd (II) was linear from 0.1 to 500 ng/mL. The relative standard deviation for seven replicate determinations of 0.1 mg/mL palladium in the standard solutions was 3.95 %. The detection limit based on 3Sb for Pd (II) in the standard solutions was 0.01 ng/mL. The proposed method has been applied for determination of trace amounts of palladium in the real water samples and satisfactory results were obtained.