The phenomenon of unknown model on extraction of parameters of surface current of shallow water by use of the over the horizon high frequency radar

For many years, surface wave high frequency radar is used for remote sensing of surface currents in deep water sea and also for measurement of wave velocity and height. The formula and methods are extracted for deep water and, therefore, may be inappropriate to use in shallow water. The Persian Gulf is the shallowest water region that has big area that is suitable for over the horizon radars. Theoretical and experimental analysis of surface waves in shallow water in the presence of the surface current has been done in the past, but in a few papers high frequency radar backscattering in shallow water was considered. In this paper, formulas for water wave velocity when the sea floor interacts with ocean waves were extracted. Also, formulas of Bragg frequency for surface wave high frequency radar when the water has a shear current in shallow water were evaluated. In some cases, the Bragg frequencies will be changed unequally for positive and negative frequencies. Spectrum of echo at surface wave high frequency radar has two resonated frequencies where one is negative and the other is positive according to sea waves travelling away from or toward the high frequency radar, respectively.