Assessment of the physical variations)heat and salinity) of climate changes in the Persian Gulf Field data and Numerical Simulation

Salinity and water temperature are considered as important characteristics of water of different seas. The absolute values and variability of them in time and space determine life sustainability conditions, development of plants and animals and also types of human activity in seas. Water temperature and salinity are important because of their effects on chemical and biochemical reactions of hydro-organisms. In this research the effects of climate change on physical characteristics of Persian Gulf including water temperature and salinity has been studied using numerical simulations and some observations. To carry out numerical simulation, the 1-dimension oceanic numerical model PROBE was used. The input data of the model includes meteorological information obtained from ECMWF and also initial values of the station. To simulate the vertical turbulence, the relations of Axcell-Liungman, Omstedt, Rodi, Pacanovski and Marchuk have been used for a station in the Persian Gulf and the results have been compared with some measurements and similar studies. The results of investigations show that limits of seawater and salinity variability model outputs are similar but the Omstedt relation shows more detailed changes in comparison to the others. The numerical results indicate that the temperature increase of the Persian Gulf over a decade can be as large as one to two degree Celsius, with some salinity increase as well.