Effect of salicylic acid and ethylene on germination and expression of alpha amylase and beta amylase genes in Soybean Deteriorated seeds (Glycina max)

Glycine max is one of the most important oilseeds plant in all of the word. One of the problems of G. max production is seed deterioration and low germination and vigor during seed storage and before planting time. In order to investigate the effects of seed deterioration on germination and the effects of salicylic acid and ethylene on improvement of deteriorated seed of G. max several experiments were conducted. Accelerated aging test for 0, 6 and 10 days and natural aging test for 6 months were the main effects. After aging conditions, seeds were imbibed with 50 M salicylic acid and 10 M ACC (precursor of ethylene) for 6 hours at 25 °C. Also seeds after natural and accelerated aging test were used without any hormonal treatment as control seed (called dry seed). Germination percentage, electrical conductivity and gene expression of αMY1, βMY1, were investigated on dry seed and under imbibition of water, salicylic acid and ACC for 6, 12 hours using Q-RT-PCR method. Seed germination decreased and electrical conductivity increased with progress of aging. Gene expression varied in different days and different hours. Salicylic acid and ACC had different effects on measured trait. All together aging caused disturbing of seed physiology and salicylic acid and ACC were not able to improve deteriorated soybean seed.