Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Effects of Bioactive Peptides of Spirulina Platensis Extracted by Animal Cysteine Protease Enzyme in Mice Balb/C

Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract with no definitive drug treatment. If the disease is not prevented, it may lead to dangerous diseases such as colon cancer; thus, it is important to treat or provide medication for this disease. Extensive tests performed on Spirulina show that this cyanobacterium is a unique source of natural bioactive substances with potential healing properties. The aim of this study was to prepare kiwifruit cysteine ​​protease enzyme and optimize the extraction of the bioactive peptide Spirulina platensis by cysteine ​​protease as well as evaluating the anti-inflammatory properties of spirulina-extracted peptides in mice with intestinal inflammation. To this end, the optimal performance of the enzyme was determined by the RSM response surface methodology and the peptides extracted in the freeze dryer were SDS page space to determine the molecular weight of the peptide by electrophoresis. The resulting peptides were stored at -20°C. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects in 28Balb/C mice, inflammation was induced with 4% acetic acid. After confirming the inflammation of the peptide with a concentration of 3.8 mg/kg and omeprazole as positive control and water as negative control, Balb/C mice with intestinal ulcers were gavaged. The results showed that the molecular weight of cysteine ​​protease enzyme is 24 kDa and the optimal enzyme hydrolysis conditions of cysteine ​​protease were obtained at 60 °C, 210 min, and pH 7.5. Histological results showed the presence of inflammation in the control group and in mice whose peptide at a concentration of 3.8 (mg/kg) had completely regenerated intestinal tissue, crypt, and intestinal mucosa during treatment. The enzyme alkaline phosphatase is low in mice receiving the peptide, indicating improved inflammation in mice. As a result, the bioactive spirulina peptides were able to treat inflammation in the intestines of mice.