EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CITRUS GRANDIS ESSENTIAL OIL ON STANDARD BACTERIAL STRAINS

The natural compounds have received more attention due to their lower side effects and better biodegradation compared to antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and antioxidant effects of leaf and skin essential oil of Citrus Grandis on some human pathogenic bacteria.

The leaf and skin of Citrus Grandis were collected under the supervision of Citrus Research Center experts from the northern province of Iran (Ramsar, Mazandaran). Essential oil extraction was performed by a Clevenger apparatus. In this empirical study, antibacterial activity, minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration were determined by agar well diffusion and microdilution broth, respectively. Also, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl reagent was used for the antiradical activity according to free radical inhibition percentage.

The leaf essential oil showed the highest inhibitory effect on Bacillus cereus (32.5 ± 0.5 mm). The leaf essential oil of Citrus Grandis showed a better inhibitory effect compared to the skin essential oil. Minimum inhibitory concentration of leaf essential oil on Bacillus cereus of 0.62 µg mL- and minimum inhibitory concentration of skin essential oil on Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus and Pseudomonas aureus bacteria of 0.62 µg mL- were obtained. Free radical scavenging increased by increasing the essential oil concentration. The essential oil of leaf showed the highest IC 50 value.

Based on the findings, essential oil of Citrus Grandis demonstrated strong antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Citrus Grandis essential oil compounds can be processed for antibiotic production and synthesis of antimicrobial drugs in medical and pharmaceutical sector.