Investigation of the Effect of rGO/TiO2 on Photovoltaic Performance of DSSCs Devices

In this paper, four indoline-based organic dyes were introduced and studied as photosensitizers in the photovoltaic devices. The starting material for preparing organic dyes by standard reactions is carbazole and phenothiazine. The dyes' status changes are assessed by spectrophotometric measurements of the organic photosensitizers in acetonitrile and on a TiO2 and rGO/TiO2 substrate. The maximum absorption wavelength for Dyes 1-4 in acetonitrile, TiO2  films, and rGO/TiO2 was investigated. Finally, the proposed dyes used as a photosensitizer in a dye solar cell structure in the presence of rGO/TiO2 and their photovoltaic properties were investigated.