A Study of the Political, Economic and Cultural Relations between Iran and Egypt during the Time of Darius I of the Achaemenid Empire

After establishing the Land of Persia by Cyrus the Great, The Achaemenid Empire, as the most powerful Aryan state, conquered most of the great powers of Asia. After the death of Cyrus, Cambyses invaded Egypt in 525 BC and occupied it by taking advantage of country's turbulent condition and dissatisfaction of people. Darius I did many important actions in that country, including the development of roads, Religious reform, developing laws, and excavating the Nile channel. All these factors led him to be considered as the great and legal pharaoh. This research is a library research and written as descriptive-analytical. The purpose of this study is to examine the various dimensions of Iran-Egypt relation during the time of Darius I.. Through conducting this study, we can conclude that after the conquest of Cyrus over many adjacent territories such as Lydia, Babylon and the eastern part of the country, Cambyses was able to add one of the largest civilization centers of that era, Egypt, to his father's property. Also Dariush I, after gaining power, paid special attention to Egypt, because he wanted to expand the Achaemenid realm. Furthermore, Egypt was a civilized and wealthy country, thus he could increase the wealth of his own nation and at the same time weakened the Greek Empire by not allowing them to obtain Egypt’s wealth.