Identification of ISSR, IRAP and iPBS markers containing information on rice characteristics under two conditions of flooding and drought stress

Rice is the main food for more than half of the world population. Due to the high water requirement of rice and the shortage of water resources, drought is always one of the limiting factors for cultivation of this plant. So, this research was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity and the association mapping of 23 morphological traits of the ISSR, IRAP and iPBS molecular markers using 112 rice genotypes. The results of multivariate regression showed that, 137 and 120 allele types were significantly associated with at least one of the studied traits under non-stress and drought stress conditions, respectively. The explanatory factor of total awareness indicators in control condition was 0.98 to 0.22% and under drought stress condition it 0.89 to 0.25%. Under stress-free condition, iPBS2224-6 allele for flag leaf length (0.98) and under stress condition of ISSR16-6 allele for total weight of panicle (0.89) had the highest explanatory factor as header marker. A considerable amount of morphological changes were justified using ISSR22 initiator with the highest polymorphic content (PIC) of 0.49%, effective alleles number of 1.88, genetic diversity index of 46.0 and Shannon index of 0.66. Marker index varied from 5.47 to 0.50. These results indicate that markers that highly associated with morphological traits can be used to identify continuous knowledge indicators with important traits of rice genotypes, especially in drought stress conditions.