Sufism as a way of thinking or biosocial,Investigating the Impact of the Expansion of Sufi-Jurisprudencein the Pre-Constitutional Eraon the Survival and Prevalence of Superstition in Iran

Superstition is the achievement of a society that has turned away from rationality. Why religious society such as Qajar, especially in the pre-constitutional era, fell into the trap of superstition, is the question that this article seeks.The answer given is due to the unpleasant merging of two different Streams of thought: the stream of jurisprudence-hadith based and the stream of Sufism. In general, neither of these two can be considered independently and necessarily the cause of the spread of superstition, but according to the social conditions of Iran and due to the proximity of the epistemological foundations of these two Streams of thought, reducing the position of rationality, Sufism hadith-based jurisprudence limits the space for dynamic and rational jurisprudence. Sufism hadith-based jurisprudence has overflows of superstition in society; because science is declining in this viewpoint. Therefore, religion loses its ability for correcting and reforming, in the absence of rationality, to answers to new problems; so superstition becomes the only haven of society.The present research is done in the framework of historical sociology and using the method of documentary analysis, by reviewing the works and documents of various intellectual streams of the Qajar era.