Manifestations of “Moral Good” and “Moral Evil” in Quranic Verses

In this study, “moral good” and “moral evil” refer to those moral concepts that suggest a moral value (not moral obligation) and include the six concepts “good and bad”, “right and wrong” and “decent and indecent”. They are usually used in the predicate of “moral statements and propositions”. Given the lack of methodological research in the field of ethics and philosophy of ethics in the Quran, this study, using the descriptive-analytical method, determined how the existing moral good and evil or moral, value-based concepts in the verses of the Quran in the form of “moral propositions” can be inferred. The results indicate that “moral good” manifests itself in the form of such positive concepts as “good”, “right” and “decent”, and “moral evil” manifests itself with negative concepts such as “bad”, “wrong” and “indecent”. In the Quran, “moral good” indicating the concept of “good” is represented through verbs of praise (ne’ma’) and words such as “khair”, “hosn”, “berr”, “sāleh”, “mohsen” and “tayyab”, “moral good” showing the concept of “right” can be deduced through the verses indicating the denial of error and sin and reward and words such as “sādeq”, and the “decent” manifestation of “moral good” can be attained from the good position that some people have before God. “Moral evil” indicating the concept of “bad” is revealed by verbs of denunciation (be’sa’ and sā’a) and words such as sharr, su’, fāheshah, mofsed, khabith and najes, “moral evil” revealing the concept of “wrong” is expressed through concepts representing error, sin, retribution and punishment or representing “rejection”, “denial” and “falsification” of something, and “moral evil” expressing the concept of “indecent” is recognizable by the position that some people have before God.