Exploring Communicative Competence Models of Dell Hymes in Social Discourse of Nahj al-Balagha (Case Study: Sermons of Nahj al-Balagha)

Amongst the new issues discussed in discourse analysis is Dell Hymes' sociological approach of communicative competence. The study at first deals with the relation between linguistic competence and communicative competence. Then it explains the paralinguistic context or the situation in which actors act within. This a real representative of the relation between specific linguistic form and dominant social context of speech and shows the frequency and the possibility of occurrence in the existent condition. To Hymes, linguistic events are not just grammatical forms but they have meaning in social interactions and within social and cultural regulations and contractions; they make the communication possible. Of the main characteristics are structural and phonetic arguments that in each, spatial- temporal contexts, the kind of speech and language element determine the main part of the argument. The study using a descriptive-analytical method, sought to compare and contrast the characteristics of the approach to the social discourse of sermons of Nahj al-Balagha. The study showed that linguistic factors show the type and content of the dominant speech of the paralinguistic context of Nahj al-Balagha and are effective in distinguishing the existent commutative interactions.