Characterization of the Marble Stone Bowles of Jiroft Plain and Compare with Marble Stones Scattered in the Distributaries of Halil and Shour Rivers in Southeast Iran

Archaeologically, Southeastern Iran has been hypothesized as one of the most important centers for the production and export of marble artifacts during the Bronze Age Near East. The characterization of the marbles from this region is necessary for identifying and rethinking the source of craft products and trade in the prehistoric societies of the cultural areas of Sindh and Mesopotamia, On the other hand, accurate knowledge of the type of stone with the recorded scientific words to introduce them is an important step in investigating the relationship between marble artifacts and geological tectonics and also the origin, in order to study morphology and preparation process of raw material and production of marble containers in Jiroft Plain, field and morphological studies using petrography, XRPD and SEM-EDX methods have been conducted to study samples of South Konar Sandal Hill and confiscated works. The question of this article is about the structure of raw materials for the production of marble artifacts in Jiroft Plain and its relation with the tectonic domain of the field. In this regard, seven ancient samples, two samples of Galoumaran Marble Mine and Qom Limestone Formation, and twelve samples of scattered rough rocks along the Halil River and Shur River near the mentioned ancient hills have been studied. After examining the results of petrography and the similarity of ancient samples, studied examples obtained from the cultural layers of South Konar Sandal Hill for further study using the XRPD analysis and the confiscated samples - regarding the different characteristics of the other ancient samples in this paper - were selected for further study using the SEM-EDX analysis. The result of this research is the classification of marble species being commonly referred to archaeological studies and the introduction of the aragonite structure of marble containers in the southeast of Iran - extracted from sedimentary formations of springs. Moreover, due to the agreement between the results of this research and the geological map of Jiroft Plain and the presence of homogeneous rocks that can be generalized to ancient samples, localization of the preparation process of raw material is suggested.