The Relationship of Personal Traits and Gender with Rationality

This descriptive-correlational study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship of personal traits and gender with rationality. The population included all women and men aged over 18 years in the city of Qom and 190 people were selected by the snowball sampling based on Tabachnic's and Fidell's formula. The data were collected by the Mirderikvandi's rationality questionnaire and NEO personality inventory, and were analyzed by the correlation coefficient, stepwise regression, and t-test. The results showed that there is a meaningful and positive relationship between some personal traits, such as conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and openness to experience, and rationality, and a meaningful and negative relationship between neuroticism and rationality. In addition, some personal traits have a relationship with gender: women's neuroticism is more than men's, and men's extraversion and conscientiousness is more than women's. There is no difference between men and women in terms of openness to experience and agreeableness. According to the results, there is a meaningful relationship between gender and the total score of rationality in which men's rationality is more than women's. There is no difference between men and women in the case of rationality aspects, including the relationship with God and the relationship with religion. Predicting participants' rationality on the basis of personal traits and gender is just meaningful to conscientiousness, neuroticism, agreeableness, and extraversion. In total, these variables predict 67.2% of participants' rationality.