The Effect of Glycine Betain and Salicylic Acid on Gas Exchanges, Photosynthetic Characteristics, Macro Elements, Leaf Compounds and Fruit Characteristics of Three Olive Cultivars

Olive consumption has been steadily increasing in recent years, due to the increase in consumption, attention to quality has become very important, so that researchers in various ways seek to maintain and improve the quality of the product of this plant. This experiment was designed and performed to investigate the effect of glycine betaine and salicylic acid on photosynthetic properties, macro elements, compounds in Leaf and fruit characteristics of three olive cultivars in a factorial experiment with three factors glycine betaine (water, 10 and 20 mM) and salicylic acid (water, 3 and 6 mM) and cultivars (Arbequina, Koroneiki and Conservolia). During this study were evaluated the flower characteristics, inflorescence, initial and final fruit formation percentage, fruit characteristics, Compounds in Leaf, photosynthesis, transpiration, chlorophyll and gas exchange. Proved the effect of glycine betaine, salicylic acid and cultivar on leaf elements and compounds was significant and the highest amount of total phenol observed in Koroneiki cultivar and 10 mM glycine betaine and 3 mM salicylic acid treatment. In the study of the effect of treatments on photosynthesis, transpiration, chlorophyll and gas exchange of leaves, it found that 20 mM glycine betaine treatment without salicylic acid and 10 mM glycine betaine combined with 6 mM salicylic acid had a positive effect on photosynthesis and water use efficiency. Finally, this study confirmed the increasing effects of glycine betaine and salicylic acid on indices such as leaf phenol, photosynthesis and water use efficiency under stress-free conditions.